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IIRC, this load costs around 24 cents to assemble, assuming you already have the hulls.

 

It is intermediate recoil. Based on feel alone, I estimate the velocity to be around 1300 FPS. 22 pellets shown, but 23 fits very nicely and comes in just over my data's weight limit. Therefore, when I send a package in for testing, it will include 23 pellets and an OSC just in case I feel like it needs one for good crimps. I will share the data, once I get safety numbers back from the lab.

My goal was to have an effective load suitable for HD/ cougars & coyotes, that was quick to assemble and cheap enough to practice with.

 

For HD, to achieve effective penetration, #4B needs to be moving at least 1325 FPS (Standard velocity in commercial rounds to achieve 12" FBI standard)

 

Even a 1 oz load can be 21 potentially lethal wound channels (depending on brand of shot), so a lighter load mass at an even higher velocity getting better penetration could outperform a heavier load of larger shot diameter, while still having lower recoil, and deeper penetration. It would also fill in that 7" circle of shred a lot more fully than the popular 9 pellet OOB load does, or even the heavier recoiling 16 pellet #1B load.

 

Also consider that even if say a quarter of the pellets do not penetrate to the full depth because of striking bone, etc. , that still leaves at least 16 pellets which do penetrate to full depth, and the cumulative trauma of additional pellets striking that bone. I suspect that a 23 pellet #4B load moving at between 1350 and 1400 FPS might be about the perfect HD round. High instant lethality, tight controlled pattern with no big gaps, reasonable effective range, reduced over penetration threat to bystanders, moderate recoil for fast follow-ups.